Overview of Methods

• Deliver consistent message
  • Exploit shock of attack, suspension of critical thought
  • Use language to frame events: 'collapse'
• Uncritically endorse official theories
  • Avoid asking questions, conflicts of interest, exclusion of hypotheses
  • Use appeals to authority
  • Create appearance of unanimity
• Exploit distracting false counter theories
  • Promote false theories by attacking them: no-plane theories
  • Use language to frame debate: 'conspiracy theorists'
  • Highlight associations with distasteful groups -- neo-Nazis